JSON_SET

Syntax:
JSON_SET(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] ...)

Inserts or updates data in a JSON document and returns the result.
Returns NULL if any argument is NULL or path, if given, does not locate
an object. An error occurs if the json_doc argument is not a valid JSON
document or any path argument is not a valid path expression or
contains a * or ** wildcard.

The path-value pairs are evaluated left to right. The document produced
by evaluating one pair becomes the new value against which the next
pair is evaluated.

A path-value pair for an existing path in the document overwrites the
existing document value with the new value. A path-value pair for a
nonexisting path in the document adds the value to the document if the
path identifies one of these types of values:

o A member not present in an existing object. The member is added to
the object and associated with the new value.

o A position past the end of an existing array. The array is extended
with the new value. If the existing value is not an array, it is
autowrapped as an array, then extended with the new value.

Otherwise, a path-value pair for a nonexisting path in the document is
ignored and has no effect.

In MySQL 8.0.4, the optimizer can perform a partial, in-place update of
a JSON column instead of removing the old document and writing the new
document in its entirety to the column. This optimization can be
performed for an update statement that uses the JSON_SET() function and
meets the conditions outlined in
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json.html#json-partial-updates.

The JSON_SET(), JSON_INSERT(), and JSON_REPLACE() functions are
related:

o JSON_SET() replaces existing values and adds nonexisting values.

o JSON_INSERT() inserts values without replacing existing values.

o JSON_REPLACE() replaces only existing values.

URL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/json-modification-functions.html